{"id":58166,"date":"2026-02-03T23:14:06","date_gmt":"2026-02-03T17:44:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hindkush.in\/?p=58166"},"modified":"2026-02-03T23:14:06","modified_gmt":"2026-02-03T17:44:06","slug":"%e0%a4%a8%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%9c%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%a3-%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%b8%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a8%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%85%e0%a4%a7%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hindkush.in\/?p=58166","title":{"rendered":"\u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u091f\u0915\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 (\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 14, 21, 39) \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f \u0932\u093e\u092d \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0932\u092d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926,\u00a0\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/mark>\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902\/\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0947\u0902:<\/strong><\/div>\n
    \n
  • \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (Affirmative Action) \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0916\u0924\u094d\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e (\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e) \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0928 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a (Access) \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n
  • \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 (Public Assets) \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0939\u093e\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u093e \u091c\u0924\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923 (Public Welfare) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 39(b) \u0914\u0930 (c) (\u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0902\u0918\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0906\u092e \u092d\u0932\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n
  • \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0935\u093e\u092c\u0926\u0947\u0939\u0940:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926, \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0939 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0935\u093e\u092c\u0926\u0947\u0939\u0940 (Constitutional Accountability) \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0909\u091f\u0938\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 (Accountability) \u0909\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \n
    \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 (\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 14-16) \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u0924\u094b \u092c\u095d\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0906\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0940 (Inclusive) \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947- \u0926\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930) \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
    \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/span>:<\/strong><\/div>\n
      \n
    • \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 (2020-21):<\/strong>\u00a0\u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0947\u00a0\u091c\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u094c\u0936\u093f\u0915<\/em>\u00a0 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 ‘\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f’ (EOP) \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938-\u0907\u0928\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0932\u0942\u0938\u093f\u0935 \u092a\u0949\u0932\u093f\u0938\u0940 (\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0921\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e) \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 12 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 ‘\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f’ \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e (BALCO \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u093e, 2008):<\/strong>\u00a0\u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 12 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 ‘\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f’ \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0947 \u0930\u093f\u091f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 (Writ Jurisdiction) \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0926\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 (2021):<\/strong>\u00a0\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092e \u092f\u0942\u092a\u0940\u092a\u0940\u090f\u0938\u0938\u0940<\/em>\u00a0 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092d\u0947\u0926\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936 (Inclusion) \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u090f\u0902 (Reasonable Accommodations) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u092e\u0928\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e (2021):<\/strong>\u00a0\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0918<\/em>\u00a0 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u092c \u092d\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e \u091c\u092c \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0928 \u0939\u094b, \u092d\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0935\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 (2024):<\/strong>\u00a0\u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f (\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 39(\u092c\u0940))\u0964<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935:<\/strong><\/div>\n
        \n
      1. \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940<\/span>:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0942\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\/\u091c\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u095c\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n
      2. \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f<\/span>:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932\u0924\u093e (Efficiency) \u092c\u095d\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0928\u094c\u0915\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0947\u0924\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0906 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/li>\n
      3. \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935<\/span>:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 (\u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923) \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0964<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u00a0\u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n


        \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902\u2014\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947\u2014\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0921\u093c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f (Welfare State) \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u091f\u0915\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 (\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30694,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[128],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-58166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-128"],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",625,357,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1-300x171.png",300,171,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",625,357,false],"large":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",625,357,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",625,357,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",625,357,false],"colormag-highlighted-post":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",392,224,false],"colormag-featured-post-medium":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",359,205,false],"colormag-featured-post-small":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",130,74,false],"colormag-featured-image":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",625,357,false],"colormag-default-news":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",150,86,false],"colormag-featured-image-large":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",625,357,false],"colormag-elementor-block-extra-large-thumbnail":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",625,357,false],"colormag-elementor-grid-large-thumbnail":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",600,343,false],"colormag-elementor-grid-small-thumbnail":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",285,163,false],"colormag-elementor-grid-medium-large-thumbnail":["https:\/\/hindkush.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/feature-image-1.png",347,198,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"hinadmin","author_link":"https:\/\/hindkush.in\/?author=1"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"\u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u091f\u0915\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 (\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hindkush.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58166","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hindkush.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hindkush.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hindkush.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hindkush.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=58166"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/hindkush.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58166\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":58167,"href":"https:\/\/hindkush.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58166\/revisions\/58167"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hindkush.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/30694"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hindkush.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=58166"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hindkush.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=58166"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hindkush.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=58166"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}